UNIT X: ECONOMY


 

 Listen and Read: p.115


 safe: not in danger or likely to be harmed.
 loan: an amount of money that is borrowed, often from a bank, and has to be paid back, usually together with an extra amount of money that you have to pay as a charge for borrowing. (قَرْض)
 interest: money that is charged by a bank or other financial organization for borrowing money. (الفائدة)
 savings account: an account in a bank or similar financial organization that earns interest. (حساب التوفير)

 Grammar Practice: Present Simple/Continuous; future: p.115








 Listen and Readp.119





 headquarters ( abbreviation HQ): the main offices of an organization such as the army, the police, or a business company. (مَقَرّ, قِيادة)
 textile: a cloth made by hand or machine. (النسيج)
 manufacturing: the business of producing goods in large numbers. (تَصنيع)
 manufacturing: food processing. (معالجة الغذاء)
 fishing-canning: تعليب السمك.
 handle: to deal with, have responsibility for, or be in charge of. (يَتَعامَل مَعَ)
 sea traffic: الملاحة البحرية.
 manufacturer: a company that produces goods in large numbers. (مَصْنَع)
  raw materials: any material, such as oil, cotton, or sugar in its natural condition, before it has been processed for use. (مواد خام)
 merchant: a person whose job is to buy and sell products in large amounts, especially by trading with other countries. (تاجِر)
 negotiate: to have formal discussions with someone in order to reach an agreement with them. (يَتَفاوَض)
 purchase /ˈpɜː.tʃəs/: something that you buy. (شِراء, مُشْتَرَيات)
 cereal: حبوب.
 harbour: an area of water near land where ships can stay safely and which may have equipment and services for shipping. (مَرْفأ)

 Listeningp.120

 Listening: p.116



 Reading: p.117


 supply: an amount of something that is available for use. (تَزْويد)
 instead of: in place of someone or something. (عِوض)
 trade: barter: to exchange goods for other things rather than for money. (يُقايِض/قايض)
 bill: a piece of paper money.
 coin: a small, round piece of metal, usually silver or copper coloured, that is used as money. 
 item: one thing that is a part of a list or a collection of things. 
 seashell: the empty shell of a small sea creature, often one found lying on the beach. 
 spices: التوابل.
 fish hook:      

 leather:          

 cattle: a group of animals that includes cows, buffalo, and bison, that are often kept for their milk or meat. (ماشية)
 wallet:            



 Word Net: p.118



 Writing: p.118





 Reading: p.121



 fishing grounds: fishing areas. مناطق الصيد.
 coast line: الخط البحري.
 fishing industry: صناعة الأسماك.
 coastal fishery: an area of water where fish are caught so they can be sold. (المصايد الساحلية)
 high seas: أعالي البحار.
 mackerel: a sea fish with a strong taste, often used as food. (سمك الأسقمري البحري)
 anchovy  /ˈæn.tʃə.vi/: a small fish with a strong, salty taste. (French: anchois)
 mainly: في الأساس.
 freezing: تجميد.
 fishing fleet: أسطول صيد سمك.
 cephalopod: an animal such as an octopus or squid, that has tentacles (= long parts like arms) around the head. (رأسيات الأرجل)

 Word Net: p.122



 Writing: p.122



 Listen and Read: p.123






 Listening: p.123



 Reading: p.125 


 average: معدل، متوسط.
 decline: when something becomes less in amount, importance, quality, or strength. (انخِفاض, هُبوط)
 account for: to form the total of; to be.
 overseas: in, from, or to other countries.

 Word Net: p.126



 Writing: p.126



 Project: p.127



 Grammar Summary: p.129-131