UNIT VII: READ & LEARN

 


                                  ACTIVE CITIZENSHIP

 Vocabulary:

 prior: /praɪər/ earlier in time; before a particular time or event: the weeks prior to her death.

 tend: go and move in a particular direction; care for or look after.

 herd: /hɜːd/ keep or look after livestock(livestock= farm animals regarded as an asset)/ to make animals move together as a group: An old woman was herding the goats.

 ration: /ˈræʃ.ən/ distribute in fixed quantities .

 trek: a long walk over land such as hills, mountains, or forests.

 emerge:  /ɪˈmɜːdʒ/ come into existence; develop.

 feature: /ˈfiː.tʃər/ to include someone or something as an important part:
This week's broadcast features a report on victims of domestic violence.
It's an Australian company whose logo features a red kangaroo.

 dome: /dəʊm/ a rounded roof on a building or a room, or a building with such a roof.


 arches: /ɑːtʃɪz/ a structure, consisting of a curved top on two supports, that holds the weight of something above it:


 punctuated: /ˈpʌŋk.tʃuː.eɪtɪd/ separated .

 courtyard: /ˈkɔːt.jɑːd/ an area of flat ground outside that is partly or completely surrounded by the walls of a building .

                                  الفِناء؛ ساحة الدار

 supply: /səˈplaɪ/ an amount of something that is available for use.

 utility: /juːˈtɪl.ə.ti/ a service that is used by the public, such as an electricity or gas supply or a train service .

 operate: /ˈɒp.ər.eɪt/ to (cause to) work, be in action or have an effect.

 tap: /tæp/  (US: faucet /ˈfɔː.sɪt/) a device that controls the flow of liquid, especially water, from a pipe.


 reflect: /rɪˈflekt/ to think carefully, especially about possibilities and opinions.

 strike up sth (with someone): /straɪk/ (s.p./p.p. struck) to begin a friendship, a relationship, etc.

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