UNIT VIII: GRAMMAR ANALYSIS

 

 Phrasal Verbs:

bring about: cause to happen.

go on: keep on: carry on: continue.

appeal to: become attracted to.

break down: stop functioning.  

put up with: bear, tolerate.

give off: send off: emit.

figure out: find a solution.
use up: use all of sth; exhaust.
pick out: choose.
figure out: find a solution.
make up: to say or write something that is not true. (يختلق)
hand out: distribute ≠ hand in: submit.
put out (fire): extinguish.
rely on: depend on.
do up: to repair or decorate a building so that it looks attractive.
do sth up: wrap sth in paper.
back sth up: to make an extra copy of computer information.
back someone/sth up: to provide support or help to someone or something.
break into: enter by force.
eat up sth: to use something so that little or nothing is left.
put on: wear clothes; dress up≠ take off= undress.
take off (plane): leave the ground≠ land.

 Conditional types 0 & 1:

 Conditional type 0: used to express scientific facts or general facts: If+simple present+simple present

If water reaches 0 degree Celsius, it freezes.
If you open a school, you close a prison. (Victor Hugo's “He Who Opens A School Door, Closes A Prison”.
If you heat ice, it melts.

 Conditional type 1: used to talk about possible future events and their likely results: If+simple present+ future simple 

If it is fine next weekend, we will go on a picnic.
If he doesn't hurry, he will miss the train.

N.B.:Notice here, when we use if...not, we can replace it with unless followed by a positive verb: unless= if...not.

Unless he hurries, he will miss the train.
Unless he studies hard, he will fail his exams.